newsfile

Set minimum python version to 3.9.12
This matches Twisted's minimum required version. See twisted/twisted@27674f6
2025-07-16 10:42:08 +01:00 · 2025-07-16 10:41:58 +01:00 · 2025-07-15 15:55:23 -05:00 · 2025-07-15 15:53:56 -05:00 · 2025-07-15 13:25:25 -05:00 · 2025-07-15 15:07:20 +01:00
70 changed files with 591 additions and 296 deletions
@@ -1,3 +1,10 @@
+# Synapse 1.134.0 (2025-07-15)
+
+No significant changes since 1.134.0rc1.
+
+
+
+
 # Synapse 1.134.0rc1 (2025-07-09)

 ### Features
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+Fix CPU and database spinning when retrying sending events to servers whilst at the same time purging those events.
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+Document that some config options for the user directory are in violation of the Matrix spec.
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+Refactor `Measure` block metrics to be homeserver-scoped.
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+Raise minimum Python version to `3.9.12`.
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+Update URL Preview code to work with `lxml` 6.0.0+.
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+Advertise support for Matrix v1.12.
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+Fix typing errors with upgraded mypy version.
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+Remove unused `allow_no_prev_events` option when creating an event.
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+Add `recaptcha_private_key_path` and `recaptcha_public_key_path` config option.
@@ -1,3 +1,9 @@
+matrix-synapse-py3 (1.134.0) stable; urgency=medium
+
+  * New Synapse release 1.134.0.
+
+ -- Synapse Packaging team <packages@matrix.org>  Tue, 15 Jul 2025 14:22:50 +0100
+
 matrix-synapse-py3 (1.134.0~rc1) stable; urgency=medium

  * New Synapse release 1.134.0rc1.
@@ -2363,7 +2363,7 @@ recaptcha_public_key: YOUR_PUBLIC_KEY

 The file should be a plain text file, containing only the public key. Synapse reads the public key from the given file once at startup.

-_Added in Synapse 1.134.0._
+_Added in Synapse 1.135.0._

 Defaults to `null`.

@@ -2387,7 +2387,7 @@ recaptcha_private_key: YOUR_PRIVATE_KEY

 The file should be a plain text file, containing only the private key. Synapse reads the private key from the given file once at startup.

-_Added in Synapse 1.134.0._
+_Added in Synapse 1.135.0._

 Defaults to `null`.

@@ -3808,7 +3808,11 @@ encryption_enabled_by_default_for_room_type: invite

 This setting has the following sub-options:

-* `enabled` (boolean): Defines whether users can search the user directory. If false then empty responses are returned to all queries. Defaults to `true`.
+* `enabled` (boolean): Defines whether users can search the user directory. If `false` then empty responses are returned to all queries.
+
+  *Warning: While the homeserver may determine which subset of users are searched, the Matrix specification requires homeservers to include (at minimum) users visible in public rooms and users sharing a room with the requester. Using `false` improves performance but violates this requirement.*
+
+  Defaults to `true`.

 * `search_all_users` (boolean): Defines whether to search all users visible to your homeserver at the time the search is performed. If set to true, will return all users known to the homeserver matching the search query. If false, search results will only contain users visible in public rooms and users sharing a room with the requester.

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-# This file is automatically @generated by Poetry 2.1.1 and should not be changed by hand.
+# This file is automatically @generated by Poetry 2.1.3 and should not be changed by hand.

 [[package]]
 name = "annotated-types"
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-typing-extensions = ">=4.6.0"
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 [package.extras]
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@@ -1566,16 +1567,28 @@ files = [
 [package.extras]
 dev = ["jinja2"]

+[[package]]
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+optional = false
+python-versions = ">=3.8"
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 python-versions = "*"
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    {file = "psycopg2-2.9.10.tar.gz", hash = "sha256:12ec0b40b0273f95296233e8750441339298e6a572f7039da5b260e3c8b60e11"},
@@ -3357,5 +3369,5 @@ url-preview = ["lxml"]

 [metadata]
 lock-version = "2.1"
-python-versions = "^3.9.0"
-content-hash = "1629969968eaaf20a8f49ee3cc0075b25e5dee7e81503fff66042ece72793103"
+python-versions = "^3.9.12"
+content-hash = "e0373e8c1b4cffc0d5b48fcf58b1be5c755dd31ce6671f5dd97ae9c50a6dbdb6"
@@ -101,7 +101,7 @@ module-name = "synapse.synapse_rust"

 [tool.poetry]
 name = "matrix-synapse"
-version = "1.134.0rc1"
+version = "1.134.0"
 description = "Homeserver for the Matrix decentralised comms protocol"
 authors = ["Matrix.org Team and Contributors <packages@matrix.org>"]
 license = "AGPL-3.0-or-later"
@@ -159,7 +159,13 @@ synapse_review_recent_signups = "synapse._scripts.review_recent_signups:main"
 update_synapse_database = "synapse._scripts.update_synapse_database:main"

 [tool.poetry.dependencies]
-python = "^3.9.0"
+# We aim to support all versions of Python currently supported upstream as per
+# our dependency deprecation policy:
+# https://element-hq.github.io/synapse/latest/deprecation_policy.html#policy
+#
+# 3.9.12 is currently the minimum version due to Twisted requiring it:
+# https://github.com/twisted/twisted/commit/27674f64d8a553ad5e68913bfb1c936e6fdeb46a
+python = "^3.9.12"

 # Mandatory Dependencies
 # ----------------------
@@ -2703,7 +2703,7 @@ properties:
      Synapse reads the public key from the given file once at startup.


-      _Added in Synapse 1.134.0._
+      _Added in Synapse 1.135.0._
    default: null
    examples:
      - /path/to/key/file
@@ -2726,7 +2726,7 @@ properties:
      Synapse reads the private key from the given file once at startup.


-      _Added in Synapse 1.134.0._
+      _Added in Synapse 1.135.0._
    default: null
    examples:
      - /path/to/key/file
@@ -4719,8 +4719,15 @@ properties:
      enabled:
        type: boolean
        description: >-
-          Defines whether users can search the user directory. If false then
+          Defines whether users can search the user directory. If `false` then
          empty responses are returned to all queries.
+
+
+          *Warning: While the homeserver may determine which subset of users are
+          searched, the Matrix specification requires homeservers to include (at
+          minimum) users visible in public rooms and users sharing a room with
+          the requester. Using `false` improves performance but violates this
+          requirement.*
        default: true
      search_all_users:
        type: boolean
@@ -42,6 +42,9 @@ class CasConfig(Config):
        self.cas_enabled = cas_config and cas_config.get("enabled", True)

        if self.cas_enabled:
+            if not isinstance(cas_config, dict):
+                raise ConfigError("Must be a dictionary", ("cas_config",))
+
            self.cas_server_url = cas_config["server_url"]

            # TODO Update this to a _synapse URL.
@@ -212,11 +212,14 @@ class KeyConfig(Config):
                "Config options that expect an in-line secret as value are disabled",
                ("form_secret",),
            )
+        if form_secret is not None and not isinstance(form_secret, str):
+            raise ConfigError("Config option must be a string", ("form_secret",))
+
        form_secret_path = config.get("form_secret_path", None)
        if form_secret_path:
            if form_secret:
                raise ConfigError(CONFLICTING_FORM_SECRET_OPTS_ERROR)
-            self.form_secret = read_file(
+            self.form_secret: Optional[str] = read_file(
                form_secret_path, ("form_secret_path",)
            ).strip()
        else:
@@ -238,10 +238,16 @@ class WorkerConfig(Config):
        if worker_replication_secret_path:
            if worker_replication_secret:
                raise ConfigError(CONFLICTING_WORKER_REPLICATION_SECRET_OPTS_ERROR)
-            self.worker_replication_secret = read_file(
+            self.worker_replication_secret: Optional[str] = read_file(
                worker_replication_secret_path, ("worker_replication_secret_path",)
            ).strip()
        else:
+            if worker_replication_secret is not None and not isinstance(
+                worker_replication_secret, str
+            ):
+                raise ConfigError(
+                    "Config option must be a string", ("worker_replication_secret",)
+                )
            self.worker_replication_secret = worker_replication_secret

        self.worker_name = config.get("worker_name", self.worker_app)
@@ -156,7 +156,9 @@ class FederationRemoteSendQueue(AbstractFederationSender):

    def _clear_queue_before_pos(self, position_to_delete: int) -> None:
        """Clear all the queues from before a given position"""
-        with Measure(self.clock, "send_queue._clear"):
+        with Measure(
+            self.clock, name="send_queue._clear", server_name=self.server_name
+        ):
            # Delete things out of presence maps
            keys = self.presence_destinations.keys()
            i = self.presence_destinations.bisect_left(position_to_delete)
@@ -657,7 +657,11 @@ class FederationSender(AbstractFederationSender):
                    logger.debug(
                        "Handling %i events in room %s", len(events), events[0].room_id
                    )
-                    with Measure(self.clock, "handle_room_events"):
+                    with Measure(
+                        self.clock,
+                        name="handle_room_events",
+                        server_name=self.server_name,
+                    ):
                        for event in events:
                            await handle_event(event)

@@ -129,6 +129,8 @@ class PerDestinationQueue:

        # The stream_ordering of the most recent PDU that was discarded due to
        # being in catch-up mode.
+        # Can be set to zero if no PDU has been discarded since the last time
+        # we queried for new PDUs during catch-up.
        self._catchup_last_skipped: int = 0

        # Cache of the last successfully-transmitted stream ordering for this
@@ -462,8 +464,18 @@ class PerDestinationQueue:
                # of a race condition, so we check that no new events have been
                # skipped due to us being in catch-up mode

-                if self._catchup_last_skipped > last_successful_stream_ordering:
+                if (
+                    self._catchup_last_skipped != 0
+                    and self._catchup_last_skipped > last_successful_stream_ordering
+                ):
                    # another event has been skipped because we were in catch-up mode
+                    # As an exception to this case: we can hit this branch if the
+                    # room has been purged whilst we have been looping.
+                    # In that case we avoid hot-looping by resetting the 'catch-up skipped
+                    # PDU' flag.
+                    # Then if there is still no progress to be made at the next iteration,
+                    # we can exit catch-up mode.
+                    self._catchup_last_skipped = 0
                    continue

                # we are done catching up!
@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ class TransactionManager:
    """

    def __init__(self, hs: "synapse.server.HomeServer"):
-        self._server_name = hs.hostname
+        self.server_name = hs.hostname  # nb must be called this for @measure_func
        self.clock = hs.get_clock()  # nb must be called this for @measure_func
        self._store = hs.get_datastores().main
        self._transaction_actions = TransactionActions(self._store)
@@ -116,7 +116,7 @@ class TransactionManager:
            transaction = Transaction(
                origin_server_ts=int(self.clock.time_msec()),
                transaction_id=txn_id,
-                origin=self._server_name,
+                origin=self.server_name,
                destination=destination,
                pdus=[p.get_pdu_json() for p in pdus],
                edus=[edu.get_dict() for edu in edus],
@@ -73,6 +73,7 @@ events_processed_counter = Counter("synapse_handlers_appservice_events_processed

 class ApplicationServicesHandler:
    def __init__(self, hs: "HomeServer"):
+        self.server_name = hs.hostname
        self.store = hs.get_datastores().main
        self.is_mine_id = hs.is_mine_id
        self.appservice_api = hs.get_application_service_api()
@@ -120,7 +121,9 @@ class ApplicationServicesHandler:

    @wrap_as_background_process("notify_interested_services")
    async def _notify_interested_services(self, max_token: RoomStreamToken) -> None:
-        with Measure(self.clock, "notify_interested_services"):
+        with Measure(
+            self.clock, name="notify_interested_services", server_name=self.server_name
+        ):
            self.is_processing = True
            try:
                upper_bound = -1
@@ -329,7 +332,11 @@ class ApplicationServicesHandler:
        users: Collection[Union[str, UserID]],
    ) -> None:
        logger.debug("Checking interested services for %s", stream_key)
-        with Measure(self.clock, "notify_interested_services_ephemeral"):
+        with Measure(
+            self.clock,
+            name="notify_interested_services_ephemeral",
+            server_name=self.server_name,
+        ):
            for service in services:
                if stream_key == StreamKeyType.TYPING:
                    # Note that we don't persist the token (via set_appservice_stream_type_pos)
@@ -174,6 +174,7 @@ def login_id_phone_to_thirdparty(identifier: JsonDict) -> Dict[str, str]:

    # Accept both "phone" and "number" as valid keys in m.id.phone
    phone_number = identifier.get("phone", identifier["number"])
+    assert isinstance(phone_number, str)

    # Convert user-provided phone number to a consistent representation
    msisdn = phone_number_to_msisdn(identifier["country"], phone_number)
@@ -378,7 +378,8 @@ class CasHandler:

            # Arbitrarily use the first attribute found.
            display_name = cas_response.attributes.get(
-                self._cas_displayname_attribute, [None]
+                self._cas_displayname_attribute,  # type: ignore[arg-type]
+                [None],
            )[0]

            return UserAttributes(localpart=localpart, display_name=display_name)
@@ -54,6 +54,7 @@ logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)

 class DelayedEventsHandler:
    def __init__(self, hs: "HomeServer"):
+        self.server_name = hs.hostname
        self._store = hs.get_datastores().main
        self._storage_controllers = hs.get_storage_controllers()
        self._config = hs.config
@@ -159,7 +160,9 @@ class DelayedEventsHandler:

        # Loop round handling deltas until we're up to date
        while True:
-            with Measure(self._clock, "delayed_events_delta"):
+            with Measure(
+                self._clock, name="delayed_events_delta", server_name=self.server_name
+            ):
                room_max_stream_ordering = self._store.get_room_max_stream_ordering()
                if self._event_pos == room_max_stream_ordering:
                    return
@@ -526,6 +526,8 @@ class DeviceHandler(DeviceWorkerHandler):
    def __init__(self, hs: "HomeServer"):
        super().__init__(hs)

+        self.server_name = hs.hostname  # nb must be called this for @measure_func
+        self.clock = hs.get_clock()  # nb must be called this for @measure_func
        self.federation_sender = hs.get_federation_sender()
        self._account_data_handler = hs.get_account_data_handler()
        self._storage_controllers = hs.get_storage_controllers()
@@ -1215,7 +1217,8 @@ class DeviceListUpdater(DeviceListWorkerUpdater):
    def __init__(self, hs: "HomeServer", device_handler: DeviceHandler):
        self.store = hs.get_datastores().main
        self.federation = hs.get_federation_client()
-        self.clock = hs.get_clock()
+        self.server_name = hs.hostname  # nb must be called this for @measure_func
+        self.clock = hs.get_clock()  # nb must be called this for @measure_func
        self.device_handler = device_handler
        self._notifier = hs.get_notifier()

@@ -476,16 +476,16 @@ _DUMMY_EVENT_ROOM_EXCLUSION_EXPIRY = 7 * 24 * 60 * 60 * 1000
 class EventCreationHandler:
    def __init__(self, hs: "HomeServer"):
        self.hs = hs
+        self.validator = EventValidator()
+        self.event_builder_factory = hs.get_event_builder_factory()
+        self.server_name = hs.hostname  # nb must be called this for @measure_func
+        self.clock = hs.get_clock()  # nb must be called this for @measure_func
        self.auth_blocking = hs.get_auth_blocking()
        self._event_auth_handler = hs.get_event_auth_handler()
        self.store = hs.get_datastores().main
        self._storage_controllers = hs.get_storage_controllers()
        self.state = hs.get_state_handler()
-        self.clock = hs.get_clock()
-        self.validator = EventValidator()
        self.profile_handler = hs.get_profile_handler()
-        self.event_builder_factory = hs.get_event_builder_factory()
-        self.server_name = hs.hostname
        self.notifier = hs.get_notifier()
        self.config = hs.config
        self.require_membership_for_aliases = (
@@ -568,7 +568,6 @@ class EventCreationHandler:
        requester: Requester,
        event_dict: dict,
        txn_id: Optional[str] = None,
-        allow_no_prev_events: bool = False,
        prev_event_ids: Optional[List[str]] = None,
        auth_event_ids: Optional[List[str]] = None,
        state_event_ids: Optional[List[str]] = None,
@@ -594,10 +593,6 @@ class EventCreationHandler:
            requester
            event_dict: An entire event
            txn_id
-            allow_no_prev_events: Whether to allow this event to be created an empty
-                list of prev_events. Normally this is prohibited just because most
-                events should have a prev_event and we should only use this in special
-                cases (previously useful for MSC2716).
            prev_event_ids:
                the forward extremities to use as the prev_events for the
                new event.
@@ -717,7 +712,6 @@ class EventCreationHandler:
        event, unpersisted_context = await self.create_new_client_event(
            builder=builder,
            requester=requester,
-            allow_no_prev_events=allow_no_prev_events,
            prev_event_ids=prev_event_ids,
            auth_event_ids=auth_event_ids,
            state_event_ids=state_event_ids,
@@ -945,7 +939,6 @@ class EventCreationHandler:
        self,
        requester: Requester,
        event_dict: dict,
-        allow_no_prev_events: bool = False,
        prev_event_ids: Optional[List[str]] = None,
        state_event_ids: Optional[List[str]] = None,
        ratelimit: bool = True,
@@ -962,10 +955,6 @@ class EventCreationHandler:
        Args:
            requester: The requester sending the event.
            event_dict: An entire event.
-            allow_no_prev_events: Whether to allow this event to be created an empty
-                list of prev_events. Normally this is prohibited just because most
-                events should have a prev_event and we should only use this in special
-                cases (previously useful for MSC2716).
            prev_event_ids:
                The event IDs to use as the prev events.
                Should normally be left as None to automatically request them
@@ -1051,7 +1040,6 @@ class EventCreationHandler:
            return await self._create_and_send_nonmember_event_locked(
                requester=requester,
                event_dict=event_dict,
-                allow_no_prev_events=allow_no_prev_events,
                prev_event_ids=prev_event_ids,
                state_event_ids=state_event_ids,
                ratelimit=ratelimit,
@@ -1065,7 +1053,6 @@ class EventCreationHandler:
        self,
        requester: Requester,
        event_dict: dict,
-        allow_no_prev_events: bool = False,
        prev_event_ids: Optional[List[str]] = None,
        state_event_ids: Optional[List[str]] = None,
        ratelimit: bool = True,
@@ -1097,7 +1084,6 @@ class EventCreationHandler:
                    requester,
                    event_dict,
                    txn_id=txn_id,
-                    allow_no_prev_events=allow_no_prev_events,
                    prev_event_ids=prev_event_ids,
                    state_event_ids=state_event_ids,
                    outlier=outlier,
@@ -1180,7 +1166,6 @@ class EventCreationHandler:
        self,
        builder: EventBuilder,
        requester: Optional[Requester] = None,
-        allow_no_prev_events: bool = False,
        prev_event_ids: Optional[List[str]] = None,
        auth_event_ids: Optional[List[str]] = None,
        state_event_ids: Optional[List[str]] = None,
@@ -1200,10 +1185,6 @@ class EventCreationHandler:
        Args:
            builder:
            requester:
-            allow_no_prev_events: Whether to allow this event to be created an empty
-                list of prev_events. Normally this is prohibited just because most
-                events should have a prev_event and we should only use this in special
-                cases (previously useful for MSC2716).
            prev_event_ids:
                the forward extremities to use as the prev_events for the
                new event.
@@ -1241,7 +1222,6 @@ class EventCreationHandler:
        if state_event_ids is not None:
            # Do a quick check to make sure that prev_event_ids is present to
            # make the type-checking around `builder.build` happy.
-            # prev_event_ids could be an empty array though.
            assert prev_event_ids is not None

            temp_event = await builder.build(
@@ -1269,24 +1249,14 @@ class EventCreationHandler:
        else:
            prev_event_ids = await self.store.get_prev_events_for_room(builder.room_id)

+        # We now ought to have some `prev_events` (unless it's a create event).
+        #
        # Do a quick sanity check here, rather than waiting until we've created the
        # event and then try to auth it (which fails with a somewhat confusing "No
        # create event in auth events")
-        if allow_no_prev_events:
-            # We allow events with no `prev_events` but it better have some `auth_events`
-            assert (
-                builder.type == EventTypes.Create
-                # Allow an event to have empty list of prev_event_ids
-                # only if it has auth_event_ids.
-                or auth_event_ids
-            ), (
-                "Attempting to create a non-m.room.create event with no prev_events or auth_event_ids"
-            )
-        else:
-            # we now ought to have some prev_events (unless it's a create event).
-            assert builder.type == EventTypes.Create or prev_event_ids, (
-                "Attempting to create a non-m.room.create event with no prev_events"
-            )
+        assert builder.type == EventTypes.Create or len(prev_event_ids) > 0, (
+            "Attempting to create an event with no prev_events"
+        )

        if for_batch:
            assert prev_event_ids is not None
@@ -747,6 +747,7 @@ class WorkerPresenceHandler(BasePresenceHandler):
 class PresenceHandler(BasePresenceHandler):
    def __init__(self, hs: "HomeServer"):
        super().__init__(hs)
+        self.server_name = hs.hostname
        self.wheel_timer: WheelTimer[str] = WheelTimer()
        self.notifier = hs.get_notifier()

@@ -941,7 +942,9 @@ class PresenceHandler(BasePresenceHandler):

        now = self.clock.time_msec()

-        with Measure(self.clock, "presence_update_states"):
+        with Measure(
+            self.clock, name="presence_update_states", server_name=self.server_name
+        ):
            # NOTE: We purposefully don't await between now and when we've
            # calculated what we want to do with the new states, to avoid races.

@@ -1405,7 +1408,7 @@ class PresenceHandler(BasePresenceHandler):
        # Based on the state of each user's device calculate the new presence state.
        presence = _combine_device_states(devices.values())

-        new_fields = {"state": presence}
+        new_fields: JsonDict = {"state": presence}

        if presence == PresenceState.ONLINE or presence == PresenceState.BUSY:
            new_fields["last_active_ts"] = now
@@ -1497,7 +1500,9 @@ class PresenceHandler(BasePresenceHandler):
    async def _unsafe_process(self) -> None:
        # Loop round handling deltas until we're up to date
        while True:
-            with Measure(self.clock, "presence_delta"):
+            with Measure(
+                self.clock, name="presence_delta", server_name=self.server_name
+            ):
                room_max_stream_ordering = self.store.get_room_max_stream_ordering()
                if self._event_pos == room_max_stream_ordering:
                    return
@@ -1759,6 +1764,7 @@ class PresenceEventSource(EventSource[int, UserPresenceState]):
        # Same with get_presence_router:
        #
        #   AuthHandler -> Notifier -> PresenceEventSource -> ModuleApi -> AuthHandler
+        self.server_name = hs.hostname
        self.get_presence_handler = hs.get_presence_handler
        self.get_presence_router = hs.get_presence_router
        self.clock = hs.get_clock()
@@ -1792,7 +1798,9 @@ class PresenceEventSource(EventSource[int, UserPresenceState]):
        user_id = user.to_string()
        stream_change_cache = self.store.presence_stream_cache

-        with Measure(self.clock, "presence.get_new_events"):
+        with Measure(
+            self.clock, name="presence.get_new_events", server_name=self.server_name
+        ):
            if from_key is not None:
                from_key = int(from_key)

@@ -557,7 +557,7 @@ class RegistrationHandler:
                        if join_rules_event:
                            join_rule = join_rules_event.content.get("join_rule", None)
                            requires_invite = (
-                                join_rule and join_rule != JoinRules.PUBLIC
+                                join_rule is not None and join_rule != JoinRules.PUBLIC
                            )

                # Send the invite, if necessary.
@@ -388,11 +388,11 @@ class RoomMemberHandler(metaclass=abc.ABCMeta):

    async def _local_membership_update(
        self,
+        *,
        requester: Requester,
        target: UserID,
        room_id: str,
        membership: str,
-        allow_no_prev_events: bool = False,
        prev_event_ids: Optional[List[str]] = None,
        state_event_ids: Optional[List[str]] = None,
        depth: Optional[int] = None,
@@ -414,11 +414,6 @@ class RoomMemberHandler(metaclass=abc.ABCMeta):
                desired membership event.
            room_id:
            membership:
-
-            allow_no_prev_events: Whether to allow this event to be created an empty
-                list of prev_events. Normally this is prohibited just because most
-                events should have a prev_event and we should only use this in special
-                cases (previously useful for MSC2716).
            prev_event_ids: The event IDs to use as the prev events
            state_event_ids:
                The full state at a given event. This was previously used particularly
@@ -486,7 +481,6 @@ class RoomMemberHandler(metaclass=abc.ABCMeta):
                        "origin_server_ts": origin_server_ts,
                    },
                    txn_id=txn_id,
-                    allow_no_prev_events=allow_no_prev_events,
                    prev_event_ids=prev_event_ids,
                    state_event_ids=state_event_ids,
                    depth=depth,
@@ -583,7 +577,6 @@ class RoomMemberHandler(metaclass=abc.ABCMeta):
        new_room: bool = False,
        require_consent: bool = True,
        outlier: bool = False,
-        allow_no_prev_events: bool = False,
        prev_event_ids: Optional[List[str]] = None,
        state_event_ids: Optional[List[str]] = None,
        depth: Optional[int] = None,
@@ -607,10 +600,6 @@ class RoomMemberHandler(metaclass=abc.ABCMeta):
            outlier: Indicates whether the event is an `outlier`, i.e. if
                it's from an arbitrary point and floating in the DAG as
                opposed to being inline with the current DAG.
-            allow_no_prev_events: Whether to allow this event to be created an empty
-                list of prev_events. Normally this is prohibited just because most
-                events should have a prev_event and we should only use this in special
-                cases (previously useful for MSC2716).
            prev_event_ids: The event IDs to use as the prev events
            state_event_ids:
                The full state at a given event. This was previously used particularly
@@ -680,7 +669,6 @@ class RoomMemberHandler(metaclass=abc.ABCMeta):
                            new_room=new_room,
                            require_consent=require_consent,
                            outlier=outlier,
-                            allow_no_prev_events=allow_no_prev_events,
                            prev_event_ids=prev_event_ids,
                            state_event_ids=state_event_ids,
                            depth=depth,
@@ -703,7 +691,6 @@ class RoomMemberHandler(metaclass=abc.ABCMeta):
        new_room: bool = False,
        require_consent: bool = True,
        outlier: bool = False,
-        allow_no_prev_events: bool = False,
        prev_event_ids: Optional[List[str]] = None,
        state_event_ids: Optional[List[str]] = None,
        depth: Optional[int] = None,
@@ -729,10 +716,6 @@ class RoomMemberHandler(metaclass=abc.ABCMeta):
            outlier: Indicates whether the event is an `outlier`, i.e. if
                it's from an arbitrary point and floating in the DAG as
                opposed to being inline with the current DAG.
-            allow_no_prev_events: Whether to allow this event to be created an empty
-                list of prev_events. Normally this is prohibited just because most
-                events should have a prev_event and we should only use this in special
-                cases (previously useful for MSC2716).
            prev_event_ids: The event IDs to use as the prev events
            state_event_ids:
                The full state at a given event. This was previously used particularly
@@ -933,7 +916,6 @@ class RoomMemberHandler(metaclass=abc.ABCMeta):
                    )
                # InviteRule.IGNORE is handled at the sync layer.

-        # An empty prev_events list is allowed as long as the auth_event_ids are present
        if prev_event_ids is not None:
            return await self._local_membership_update(
                requester=requester,
@@ -942,7 +924,6 @@ class RoomMemberHandler(metaclass=abc.ABCMeta):
                membership=effective_membership_state,
                txn_id=txn_id,
                ratelimit=ratelimit,
-                allow_no_prev_events=allow_no_prev_events,
                prev_event_ids=prev_event_ids,
                state_event_ids=state_event_ids,
                depth=depth,
@@ -197,7 +197,7 @@ class SendEmailHandler:
            additional_headers: A map of additional headers to include.
        """
        try:
-            from_string = self._from % {"app": app_name}
+            from_string = self._from % {"app": app_name}  # type: ignore[operator]
        except (KeyError, TypeError):
            from_string = self._from

@@ -818,7 +818,7 @@ class SsoHandler:
                server_name = avatar_url_parts[-2]
                media_id = avatar_url_parts[-1]
                if self._is_mine_server_name(server_name):
-                    media = await self._media_repo.store.get_local_media(media_id)  # type: ignore[has-type]
+                    media = await self._media_repo.store.get_local_media(media_id)
                    if media is not None and upload_name == media.upload_name:
                        logger.info("skipping saving the user avatar")
                        return True
@@ -329,6 +329,7 @@ class E2eeSyncResult:

 class SyncHandler:
    def __init__(self, hs: "HomeServer"):
+        self.server_name = hs.hostname
        self.hs_config = hs.config
        self.store = hs.get_datastores().main
        self.notifier = hs.get_notifier()
@@ -710,7 +711,9 @@ class SyncHandler:

        sync_config = sync_result_builder.sync_config

-        with Measure(self.clock, "ephemeral_by_room"):
+        with Measure(
+            self.clock, name="ephemeral_by_room", server_name=self.server_name
+        ):
            typing_key = since_token.typing_key if since_token else 0

            room_ids = sync_result_builder.joined_room_ids
@@ -783,7 +786,9 @@ class SyncHandler:
                and current token to send down to clients.
            newly_joined_room
        """
-        with Measure(self.clock, "load_filtered_recents"):
+        with Measure(
+            self.clock, name="load_filtered_recents", server_name=self.server_name
+        ):
            timeline_limit = sync_config.filter_collection.timeline_limit()
            block_all_timeline = (
                sync_config.filter_collection.blocks_all_room_timeline()
@@ -1174,7 +1179,9 @@ class SyncHandler:
        # updates even if they occurred logically before the previous event.
        # TODO(mjark) Check for new redactions in the state events.

-        with Measure(self.clock, "compute_state_delta"):
+        with Measure(
+            self.clock, name="compute_state_delta", server_name=self.server_name
+        ):
            # The memberships needed for events in the timeline.
            # Only calculated when `lazy_load_members` is on.
            members_to_fetch: Optional[Set[str]] = None
@@ -1791,7 +1798,9 @@ class SyncHandler:
            # the DB.
            return RoomNotifCounts.empty()

-        with Measure(self.clock, "unread_notifs_for_room_id"):
+        with Measure(
+            self.clock, name="unread_notifs_for_room_id", server_name=self.server_name
+        ):
            return await self.store.get_unread_event_push_actions_by_room_for_user(
                room_id,
                sync_config.user.to_string(),
@@ -503,6 +503,7 @@ class TypingWriterHandler(FollowerTypingHandler):

 class TypingNotificationEventSource(EventSource[int, JsonMapping]):
    def __init__(self, hs: "HomeServer"):
+        self.server_name = hs.hostname
        self._main_store = hs.get_datastores().main
        self.clock = hs.get_clock()
        # We can't call get_typing_handler here because there's a cycle:
@@ -535,7 +536,9 @@ class TypingNotificationEventSource(EventSource[int, JsonMapping]):
                  appservice may be interested in.
                * The latest known room serial.
        """
-        with Measure(self.clock, "typing.get_new_events_as"):
+        with Measure(
+            self.clock, name="typing.get_new_events_as", server_name=self.server_name
+        ):
            handler = self.get_typing_handler()

            events = []
@@ -571,7 +574,9 @@ class TypingNotificationEventSource(EventSource[int, JsonMapping]):
        Find typing notifications for given rooms (> `from_token` and <= `to_token`)
        """

-        with Measure(self.clock, "typing.get_new_events"):
+        with Measure(
+            self.clock, name="typing.get_new_events", server_name=self.server_name
+        ):
            from_key = int(from_key)
            handler = self.get_typing_handler()

@@ -237,7 +237,9 @@ class UserDirectoryHandler(StateDeltasHandler):

        # Loop round handling deltas until we're up to date
        while True:
-            with Measure(self.clock, "user_dir_delta"):
+            with Measure(
+                self.clock, name="user_dir_delta", server_name=self.server_name
+            ):
                room_max_stream_ordering = self.store.get_room_max_stream_ordering()
                if self.pos == room_max_stream_ordering:
                    return
@@ -33,10 +33,11 @@ from twisted.internet.interfaces import (
    IAddress,
    IConnector,
    IProtocol,
+    IProtocolFactory,
    IReactorCore,
    IStreamClientEndpoint,
 )
-from twisted.internet.protocol import ClientFactory, Protocol, connectionDone
+from twisted.internet.protocol import ClientFactory, connectionDone
 from twisted.python.failure import Failure
 from twisted.web import http

@@ -116,11 +117,7 @@ class HTTPConnectProxyEndpoint:
    def __repr__(self) -> str:
        return "<HTTPConnectProxyEndpoint %s>" % (self._proxy_endpoint,)

-    # Mypy encounters a false positive here: it complains that ClientFactory
-    # is incompatible with IProtocolFactory. But ClientFactory inherits from
-    # Factory, which implements IProtocolFactory. So I think this is a bug
-    # in mypy-zope.
-    def connect(self, protocolFactory: ClientFactory) -> "defer.Deferred[IProtocol]":  # type: ignore[override]
+    def connect(self, protocolFactory: IProtocolFactory) -> "defer.Deferred[IProtocol]":
        f = HTTPProxiedClientFactory(
            self._host, self._port, protocolFactory, self._proxy_creds
        )
@@ -148,7 +145,7 @@ class HTTPProxiedClientFactory(protocol.ClientFactory):
        self,
        dst_host: bytes,
        dst_port: int,
-        wrapped_factory: ClientFactory,
+        wrapped_factory: IProtocolFactory,
        proxy_creds: Optional[ProxyCredentials],
    ):
        self.dst_host = dst_host
@@ -158,7 +155,10 @@ class HTTPProxiedClientFactory(protocol.ClientFactory):
        self.on_connection: "defer.Deferred[None]" = defer.Deferred()

    def startedConnecting(self, connector: IConnector) -> None:
-        return self.wrapped_factory.startedConnecting(connector)
+        # We expect the wrapped factory to be a ClientFactory, but the generic
+        # interfaces only guarantee that it implements IProtocolFactory.
+        if isinstance(self.wrapped_factory, ClientFactory):
+            return self.wrapped_factory.startedConnecting(connector)

    def buildProtocol(self, addr: IAddress) -> "HTTPConnectProtocol":
        wrapped_protocol = self.wrapped_factory.buildProtocol(addr)
@@ -177,13 +177,15 @@ class HTTPProxiedClientFactory(protocol.ClientFactory):
        logger.debug("Connection to proxy failed: %s", reason)
        if not self.on_connection.called:
            self.on_connection.errback(reason)
-        return self.wrapped_factory.clientConnectionFailed(connector, reason)
+        if isinstance(self.wrapped_factory, ClientFactory):
+            return self.wrapped_factory.clientConnectionFailed(connector, reason)

    def clientConnectionLost(self, connector: IConnector, reason: Failure) -> None:
        logger.debug("Connection to proxy lost: %s", reason)
        if not self.on_connection.called:
            self.on_connection.errback(reason)
-        return self.wrapped_factory.clientConnectionLost(connector, reason)
+        if isinstance(self.wrapped_factory, ClientFactory):
+            return self.wrapped_factory.clientConnectionLost(connector, reason)


 class HTTPConnectProtocol(protocol.Protocol):
@@ -208,7 +210,7 @@ class HTTPConnectProtocol(protocol.Protocol):
        self,
        host: bytes,
        port: int,
-        wrapped_protocol: Protocol,
+        wrapped_protocol: IProtocol,
        connected_deferred: defer.Deferred,
        proxy_creds: Optional[ProxyCredentials],
    ):
@@ -223,11 +225,14 @@ class HTTPConnectProtocol(protocol.Protocol):
        )
        self.http_setup_client.on_connected.addCallback(self.proxyConnected)

+        # Set once we start connecting to the wrapped protocol
+        self.wrapped_connection_started = False
+
    def connectionMade(self) -> None:
        self.http_setup_client.makeConnection(self.transport)

    def connectionLost(self, reason: Failure = connectionDone) -> None:
-        if self.wrapped_protocol.connected:
+        if self.wrapped_connection_started:
            self.wrapped_protocol.connectionLost(reason)

        self.http_setup_client.connectionLost(reason)
@@ -236,6 +241,8 @@ class HTTPConnectProtocol(protocol.Protocol):
            self.connected_deferred.errback(reason)

    def proxyConnected(self, _: Union[None, "defer.Deferred[None]"]) -> None:
+        self.wrapped_connection_started = True
+        assert self.transport is not None
        self.wrapped_protocol.makeConnection(self.transport)

        self.connected_deferred.callback(self.wrapped_protocol)
@@ -247,7 +254,7 @@ class HTTPConnectProtocol(protocol.Protocol):

    def dataReceived(self, data: bytes) -> None:
        # if we've set up the HTTP protocol, we can send the data there
-        if self.wrapped_protocol.connected:
+        if self.wrapped_connection_started:
            return self.wrapped_protocol.dataReceived(data)

        # otherwise, we must still be setting up the connection: send the data to the
@@ -92,6 +92,7 @@ class MatrixFederationAgent:

    def __init__(
        self,
+        server_name: str,
        reactor: ISynapseReactor,
        tls_client_options_factory: Optional[FederationPolicyForHTTPS],
        user_agent: bytes,
@@ -100,6 +101,11 @@ class MatrixFederationAgent:
        _srv_resolver: Optional[SrvResolver] = None,
        _well_known_resolver: Optional[WellKnownResolver] = None,
    ):
+        """
+        Args:
+            server_name: Our homeserver name (used to label metrics) (`hs.hostname`).
+        """
+
        # proxy_reactor is not blocklisting reactor
        proxy_reactor = reactor

@@ -127,6 +133,7 @@ class MatrixFederationAgent:

        if _well_known_resolver is None:
            _well_known_resolver = WellKnownResolver(
+                server_name,
                reactor,
                agent=BlocklistingAgentWrapper(
                    ProxyAgent(
@@ -91,12 +91,19 @@ class WellKnownResolver:

    def __init__(
        self,
+        server_name: str,
        reactor: IReactorTime,
        agent: IAgent,
        user_agent: bytes,
        well_known_cache: Optional[TTLCache[bytes, Optional[bytes]]] = None,
        had_well_known_cache: Optional[TTLCache[bytes, bool]] = None,
    ):
+        """
+        Args:
+            server_name: Our homeserver name (used to label metrics) (`hs.hostname`).
+        """
+
+        self.server_name = server_name
        self._reactor = reactor
        self._clock = Clock(reactor)

@@ -134,7 +141,13 @@ class WellKnownResolver:
        # TODO: should we linearise so that we don't end up doing two .well-known
        # requests for the same server in parallel?
        try:
-            with Measure(self._clock, "get_well_known"):
+            with Measure(
+                self._clock,
+                name="get_well_known",
+                # This should be our homeserver where the the code is running (used to
+                # label metrics)
+                server_name=self.server_name,
+            ):
                result: Optional[bytes]
                cache_period: float

@@ -417,6 +417,7 @@ class MatrixFederationHttpClient:
        if hs.get_instance_name() in outbound_federation_restricted_to:
            # Talk to federation directly
            federation_agent: IAgent = MatrixFederationAgent(
+                self.server_name,
                self.reactor,
                tls_client_options_factory,
                user_agent.encode("ascii"),
@@ -697,7 +698,11 @@ class MatrixFederationHttpClient:
                    outgoing_requests_counter.labels(request.method).inc()

                    try:
-                        with Measure(self.clock, "outbound_request"):
+                        with Measure(
+                            self.clock,
+                            name="outbound_request",
+                            server_name=self.server_name,
+                        ):
                            # we don't want all the fancy cookie and redirect handling
                            # that treq.request gives: just use the raw Agent.

@@ -133,7 +133,7 @@ def decode_body(
        content_type: The Content-Type header.

    Returns:
-        The parsed HTML body, or None if an error occurred during processed.
+        The parsed HTML body, or None if an error occurred during processing.
    """
    # If there's no body, nothing useful is going to be found.
    if not body:
@@ -158,9 +158,31 @@ def decode_body(
    # Create an HTML parser.
    parser = etree.HTMLParser(recover=True, encoding=encoding)

-    # Attempt to parse the body. Returns None if the body was successfully
-    # parsed, but no tree was found.
-    return etree.fromstring(body, parser)
+    # Attempt to parse the body. With `lxml` 6.0.0+, this will be an empty HTML
+    # tree if the body was successfully parsed, but no tree was found. In
+    # previous `lxml` versions, `etree.fromstring` would return `None` in that
+    # case.
+    html_tree = etree.fromstring(body, parser)
+
+    # Account for the above referenced case where `html_tree` is an HTML tree
+    # with an empty body. If so, return None.
+    if html_tree is not None and html_tree.tag == "html":
+        # If the tree has only a single <body> element and it's empty, then
+        # return None.
+        body_el = html_tree.find("body")
+        if body_el is not None and len(html_tree) == 1:
+            # Extract the content of the body tag as text.
+            body_text = "".join(cast(Iterable[str], body_el.itertext()))
+
+            # Strip any undecodable Unicode characters and whitespace.
+            body_text = body_text.strip("\ufffd").strip()
+
+            # If there's no text left, and there were no child tags,
+            # then we consider the <body> tag empty.
+            if not body_text and len(body_el) == 0:
+                return None
+
+    return html_tree


 def _get_meta_tags(
@@ -66,6 +66,21 @@ all_gauges: Dict[str, Collector] = {}

 HAVE_PROC_SELF_STAT = os.path.exists("/proc/self/stat")

+SERVER_NAME_LABEL = "server_name"
+"""
+The `server_name` label is used to identify the homeserver that the metrics correspond
+to. Because we support multiple instances of Synapse running in the same process and all
+metrics are in a single global `REGISTRY`, we need to manually label any metrics.
+
+In the case of a Synapse homeserver, this should be set to the homeserver name
+(`hs.hostname`).
+
+We're purposely not using the `instance` label for this purpose as that should be "The
+<host>:<port> part of the target's URL that was scraped.". Also: "In Prometheus
+terms, an endpoint you can scrape is called an *instance*, usually corresponding to a
+single process." (source: https://prometheus.io/docs/concepts/jobs_instances/)
+"""
+

 class _RegistryProxy:
    @staticmethod
@@ -192,7 +207,16 @@ class InFlightGauge(Generic[MetricsEntry], Collector):
        same key.

        Note that `callback` may be called on a separate thread.
+
+        Args:
+            key: A tuple of label values, which must match the order of the
+                `labels` given to the constructor.
+            callback
        """
+        assert len(key) == len(self.labels), (
+            f"Expected {len(self.labels)} labels in `key`, got {len(key)}: {key}"
+        )
+
        with self._lock:
            self._registrations.setdefault(key, set()).add(callback)

@@ -201,7 +225,17 @@ class InFlightGauge(Generic[MetricsEntry], Collector):
        key: Tuple[str, ...],
        callback: Callable[[MetricsEntry], None],
    ) -> None:
-        """Registers that we've exited a block with labels `key`."""
+        """
+        Registers that we've exited a block with labels `key`.
+
+        Args:
+            key: A tuple of label values, which must match the order of the
+                `labels` given to the constructor.
+            callback
+        """
+        assert len(key) == len(self.labels), (
+            f"Expected {len(self.labels)} labels in `key`, got {len(key)}: {key}"
+        )

        with self._lock:
            self._registrations.setdefault(key, set()).discard(callback)
@@ -225,7 +259,7 @@ class InFlightGauge(Generic[MetricsEntry], Collector):
            with self._lock:
                callbacks = set(self._registrations[key])

-            in_flight.add_metric(key, len(callbacks))
+            in_flight.add_metric(labels=key, value=len(callbacks))

            metrics = self._metrics_class()
            metrics_by_key[key] = metrics
@@ -239,7 +273,7 @@ class InFlightGauge(Generic[MetricsEntry], Collector):
                "_".join([self.name, name]), "", labels=self.labels
            )
            for key, metrics in metrics_by_key.items():
-                gauge.add_metric(key, getattr(metrics, name))
+                gauge.add_metric(labels=key, value=getattr(metrics, name))
            yield gauge

    def _register_with_collector(self) -> None:
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ from twisted.internet.asyncioreactor import AsyncioSelectorReactor
 from synapse.metrics._types import Collector

 try:
-    from selectors import KqueueSelector
+    from selectors import KqueueSelector  # type: ignore[attr-defined]
 except ImportError:

    class KqueueSelector:  # type: ignore[no-redef]
@@ -284,7 +284,7 @@ class ModuleApi:
        try:
            app_name = self._hs.config.email.email_app_name

-            self._from_string = self._hs.config.email.email_notif_from % {
+            self._from_string = self._hs.config.email.email_notif_from % {  # type: ignore[operator]
                "app": app_name
            }
        except (KeyError, TypeError):
@@ -31,6 +31,7 @@ IS_USER_ALLOWED_TO_UPLOAD_MEDIA_OF_SIZE_CALLBACK = Callable[[str, int], Awaitabl

 class MediaRepositoryModuleApiCallbacks:
    def __init__(self, hs: "HomeServer") -> None:
+        self.server_name = hs.hostname
        self.clock = hs.get_clock()
        self._get_media_config_for_user_callbacks: List[
            GET_MEDIA_CONFIG_FOR_USER_CALLBACK
@@ -57,7 +58,11 @@ class MediaRepositoryModuleApiCallbacks:

    async def get_media_config_for_user(self, user_id: str) -> Optional[JsonDict]:
        for callback in self._get_media_config_for_user_callbacks:
-            with Measure(self.clock, f"{callback.__module__}.{callback.__qualname__}"):
+            with Measure(
+                self.clock,
+                name=f"{callback.__module__}.{callback.__qualname__}",
+                server_name=self.server_name,
+            ):
                res: Optional[JsonDict] = await delay_cancellation(callback(user_id))
            if res:
                return res
@@ -68,7 +73,11 @@ class MediaRepositoryModuleApiCallbacks:
        self, user_id: str, size: int
    ) -> bool:
        for callback in self._is_user_allowed_to_upload_media_of_size_callbacks:
-            with Measure(self.clock, f"{callback.__module__}.{callback.__qualname__}"):
+            with Measure(
+                self.clock,
+                name=f"{callback.__module__}.{callback.__qualname__}",
+                server_name=self.server_name,
+            ):
                res: bool = await delay_cancellation(callback(user_id, size))
            if not res:
                return res
@@ -43,6 +43,7 @@ GET_RATELIMIT_OVERRIDE_FOR_USER_CALLBACK = Callable[

 class RatelimitModuleApiCallbacks:
    def __init__(self, hs: "HomeServer") -> None:
+        self.server_name = hs.hostname
        self.clock = hs.get_clock()
        self._get_ratelimit_override_for_user_callbacks: List[
            GET_RATELIMIT_OVERRIDE_FOR_USER_CALLBACK
@@ -64,7 +65,11 @@ class RatelimitModuleApiCallbacks:
        self, user_id: str, limiter_name: str
    ) -> Optional[RatelimitOverride]:
        for callback in self._get_ratelimit_override_for_user_callbacks:
-            with Measure(self.clock, f"{callback.__module__}.{callback.__qualname__}"):
+            with Measure(
+                self.clock,
+                name=f"{callback.__module__}.{callback.__qualname__}",
+                server_name=self.server_name,
+            ):
                res: Optional[RatelimitOverride] = await delay_cancellation(
                    callback(user_id, limiter_name)
                )
@@ -356,6 +356,7 @@ class SpamCheckerModuleApiCallbacks:
    NOT_SPAM: Literal["NOT_SPAM"] = "NOT_SPAM"

    def __init__(self, hs: "synapse.server.HomeServer") -> None:
+        self.server_name = hs.hostname
        self.clock = hs.get_clock()

        self._check_event_for_spam_callbacks: List[CHECK_EVENT_FOR_SPAM_CALLBACK] = []
@@ -490,7 +491,11 @@ class SpamCheckerModuleApiCallbacks:
                generally discouraged as it doesn't support internationalization.
        """
        for callback in self._check_event_for_spam_callbacks:
-            with Measure(self.clock, f"{callback.__module__}.{callback.__qualname__}"):
+            with Measure(
+                self.clock,
+                name=f"{callback.__module__}.{callback.__qualname__}",
+                server_name=self.server_name,
+            ):
                res = await delay_cancellation(callback(event))
                if res is False or res == self.NOT_SPAM:
                    # This spam-checker accepts the event.
@@ -543,7 +548,11 @@ class SpamCheckerModuleApiCallbacks:
            True if the event should be silently dropped
        """
        for callback in self._should_drop_federated_event_callbacks:
-            with Measure(self.clock, f"{callback.__module__}.{callback.__qualname__}"):
+            with Measure(
+                self.clock,
+                name=f"{callback.__module__}.{callback.__qualname__}",
+                server_name=self.server_name,
+            ):
                res: Union[bool, str] = await delay_cancellation(callback(event))
            if res:
                return res
@@ -565,7 +574,11 @@ class SpamCheckerModuleApiCallbacks:
            NOT_SPAM if the operation is permitted, [Codes, Dict] otherwise.
        """
        for callback in self._user_may_join_room_callbacks:
-            with Measure(self.clock, f"{callback.__module__}.{callback.__qualname__}"):
+            with Measure(
+                self.clock,
+                name=f"{callback.__module__}.{callback.__qualname__}",
+                server_name=self.server_name,
+            ):
                res = await delay_cancellation(callback(user_id, room_id, is_invited))
                # Normalize return values to `Codes` or `"NOT_SPAM"`.
                if res is True or res is self.NOT_SPAM:
@@ -604,7 +617,11 @@ class SpamCheckerModuleApiCallbacks:
            NOT_SPAM if the operation is permitted, Codes otherwise.
        """
        for callback in self._user_may_invite_callbacks:
-            with Measure(self.clock, f"{callback.__module__}.{callback.__qualname__}"):
+            with Measure(
+                self.clock,
+                name=f"{callback.__module__}.{callback.__qualname__}",
+                server_name=self.server_name,
+            ):
                res = await delay_cancellation(
                    callback(inviter_userid, invitee_userid, room_id)
                )
@@ -643,7 +660,11 @@ class SpamCheckerModuleApiCallbacks:
            NOT_SPAM if the operation is permitted, Codes otherwise.
        """
        for callback in self._federated_user_may_invite_callbacks:
-            with Measure(self.clock, f"{callback.__module__}.{callback.__qualname__}"):
+            with Measure(
+                self.clock,
+                name=f"{callback.__module__}.{callback.__qualname__}",
+                server_name=self.server_name,
+            ):
                res = await delay_cancellation(callback(event))
                # Normalize return values to `Codes` or `"NOT_SPAM"`.
                if res is True or res is self.NOT_SPAM:
@@ -686,7 +707,11 @@ class SpamCheckerModuleApiCallbacks:
            NOT_SPAM if the operation is permitted, Codes otherwise.
        """
        for callback in self._user_may_send_3pid_invite_callbacks:
-            with Measure(self.clock, f"{callback.__module__}.{callback.__qualname__}"):
+            with Measure(
+                self.clock,
+                name=f"{callback.__module__}.{callback.__qualname__}",
+                server_name=self.server_name,
+            ):
                res = await delay_cancellation(
                    callback(inviter_userid, medium, address, room_id)
                )
@@ -722,7 +747,11 @@ class SpamCheckerModuleApiCallbacks:
            room_config: The room creation configuration which is the body of the /createRoom request
        """
        for callback in self._user_may_create_room_callbacks:
-            with Measure(self.clock, f"{callback.__module__}.{callback.__qualname__}"):
+            with Measure(
+                self.clock,
+                name=f"{callback.__module__}.{callback.__qualname__}",
+                server_name=self.server_name,
+            ):
                checker_args = inspect.signature(callback)
                # Also ensure backwards compatibility with spam checker callbacks
                # that don't expect the room_config argument.
@@ -786,7 +815,11 @@ class SpamCheckerModuleApiCallbacks:
            content: The content of the state event
        """
        for callback in self._user_may_send_state_event_callbacks:
-            with Measure(self.clock, f"{callback.__module__}.{callback.__qualname__}"):
+            with Measure(
+                self.clock,
+                name=f"{callback.__module__}.{callback.__qualname__}",
+                server_name=self.server_name,
+            ):
                # We make a copy of the content to ensure that the spam checker cannot modify it.
                res = await delay_cancellation(
                    callback(user_id, room_id, event_type, state_key, deepcopy(content))
@@ -814,7 +847,11 @@ class SpamCheckerModuleApiCallbacks:

        """
        for callback in self._user_may_create_room_alias_callbacks:
-            with Measure(self.clock, f"{callback.__module__}.{callback.__qualname__}"):
+            with Measure(
+                self.clock,
+                name=f"{callback.__module__}.{callback.__qualname__}",
+                server_name=self.server_name,
+            ):
                res = await delay_cancellation(callback(userid, room_alias))
                if res is True or res is self.NOT_SPAM:
                    continue
@@ -847,7 +884,11 @@ class SpamCheckerModuleApiCallbacks:
            room_id: The ID of the room that would be published
        """
        for callback in self._user_may_publish_room_callbacks:
-            with Measure(self.clock, f"{callback.__module__}.{callback.__qualname__}"):
+            with Measure(
+                self.clock,
+                name=f"{callback.__module__}.{callback.__qualname__}",
+                server_name=self.server_name,
+            ):
                res = await delay_cancellation(callback(userid, room_id))
                if res is True or res is self.NOT_SPAM:
                    continue
@@ -889,7 +930,11 @@ class SpamCheckerModuleApiCallbacks:
            True if the user is spammy.
        """
        for callback in self._check_username_for_spam_callbacks:
-            with Measure(self.clock, f"{callback.__module__}.{callback.__qualname__}"):
+            with Measure(
+                self.clock,
+                name=f"{callback.__module__}.{callback.__qualname__}",
+                server_name=self.server_name,
+            ):
                checker_args = inspect.signature(callback)
                # Make a copy of the user profile object to ensure the spam checker cannot
                # modify it.
@@ -938,7 +983,11 @@ class SpamCheckerModuleApiCallbacks:
        """

        for callback in self._check_registration_for_spam_callbacks:
-            with Measure(self.clock, f"{callback.__module__}.{callback.__qualname__}"):
+            with Measure(
+                self.clock,
+                name=f"{callback.__module__}.{callback.__qualname__}",
+                server_name=self.server_name,
+            ):
                behaviour = await delay_cancellation(
                    callback(email_threepid, username, request_info, auth_provider_id)
                )
@@ -980,7 +1029,11 @@ class SpamCheckerModuleApiCallbacks:
        """

        for callback in self._check_media_file_for_spam_callbacks:
-            with Measure(self.clock, f"{callback.__module__}.{callback.__qualname__}"):
+            with Measure(
+                self.clock,
+                name=f"{callback.__module__}.{callback.__qualname__}",
+                server_name=self.server_name,
+            ):
                res = await delay_cancellation(callback(file_wrapper, file_info))
                # Normalize return values to `Codes` or `"NOT_SPAM"`.
                if res is False or res is self.NOT_SPAM:
@@ -1027,7 +1080,11 @@ class SpamCheckerModuleApiCallbacks:
        """

        for callback in self._check_login_for_spam_callbacks:
-            with Measure(self.clock, f"{callback.__module__}.{callback.__qualname__}"):
+            with Measure(
+                self.clock,
+                name=f"{callback.__module__}.{callback.__qualname__}",
+                server_name=self.server_name,
+            ):
                res = await delay_cancellation(
                    callback(
                        user_id,
@@ -129,7 +129,8 @@ class BulkPushRuleEvaluator:
    def __init__(self, hs: "HomeServer"):
        self.hs = hs
        self.store = hs.get_datastores().main
-        self.clock = hs.get_clock()
+        self.server_name = hs.hostname  # nb must be called this for @measure_func
+        self.clock = hs.get_clock()  # nb must be called this for @measure_func
        self._event_auth_handler = hs.get_event_auth_handler()
        self.should_calculate_push_rules = self.hs.config.push.enable_push

@@ -76,6 +76,7 @@ class ReplicationFederationSendEventsRestServlet(ReplicationEndpoint):
    def __init__(self, hs: "HomeServer"):
        super().__init__(hs)

+        self.server_name = hs.hostname
        self.store = hs.get_datastores().main
        self._storage_controllers = hs.get_storage_controllers()
        self.clock = hs.get_clock()
@@ -122,7 +123,9 @@ class ReplicationFederationSendEventsRestServlet(ReplicationEndpoint):
    async def _handle_request(  # type: ignore[override]
        self, request: Request, content: JsonDict
    ) -> Tuple[int, JsonDict]:
-        with Measure(self.clock, "repl_fed_send_events_parse"):
+        with Measure(
+            self.clock, name="repl_fed_send_events_parse", server_name=self.server_name
+        ):
            room_id = content["room_id"]
            backfilled = content["backfilled"]

@@ -76,6 +76,7 @@ class ReplicationSendEventRestServlet(ReplicationEndpoint):
    def __init__(self, hs: "HomeServer"):
        super().__init__(hs)

+        self.server_name = hs.hostname
        self.event_creation_handler = hs.get_event_creation_handler()
        self.store = hs.get_datastores().main
        self._storage_controllers = hs.get_storage_controllers()
@@ -121,7 +122,9 @@ class ReplicationSendEventRestServlet(ReplicationEndpoint):
    async def _handle_request(  # type: ignore[override]
        self, request: Request, content: JsonDict, event_id: str
    ) -> Tuple[int, JsonDict]:
-        with Measure(self.clock, "repl_send_event_parse"):
+        with Measure(
+            self.clock, name="repl_send_event_parse", server_name=self.server_name
+        ):
            event_dict = content["event"]
            room_ver = KNOWN_ROOM_VERSIONS[content["room_version"]]
            internal_metadata = content["internal_metadata"]
@@ -77,6 +77,7 @@ class ReplicationSendEventsRestServlet(ReplicationEndpoint):
    def __init__(self, hs: "HomeServer"):
        super().__init__(hs)

+        self.server_name = hs.hostname
        self.event_creation_handler = hs.get_event_creation_handler()
        self.store = hs.get_datastores().main
        self._storage_controllers = hs.get_storage_controllers()
@@ -122,7 +123,9 @@ class ReplicationSendEventsRestServlet(ReplicationEndpoint):
    async def _handle_request(  # type: ignore[override]
        self, request: Request, payload: JsonDict
    ) -> Tuple[int, JsonDict]:
-        with Measure(self.clock, "repl_send_events_parse"):
+        with Measure(
+            self.clock, name="repl_send_events_parse", server_name=self.server_name
+        ):
            events_and_context = []
            events = payload["events"]
            rooms = set()
@@ -75,6 +75,7 @@ class ReplicationDataHandler:
    """

    def __init__(self, hs: "HomeServer"):
+        self.server_name = hs.hostname
        self.store = hs.get_datastores().main
        self.notifier = hs.get_notifier()
        self._reactor = hs.get_reactor()
@@ -342,7 +343,11 @@ class ReplicationDataHandler:
        waiting_list.add((position, deferred))

        # We measure here to get in flight counts and average waiting time.
-        with Measure(self._clock, "repl.wait_for_stream_position"):
+        with Measure(
+            self._clock,
+            name="repl.wait_for_stream_position",
+            server_name=self.server_name,
+        ):
            logger.info(
                "Waiting for repl stream %r to reach %s (%s); currently at: %s",
                stream_name,
@@ -78,6 +78,7 @@ class ReplicationStreamer:
    """

    def __init__(self, hs: "HomeServer"):
+        self.server_name = hs.hostname
        self.store = hs.get_datastores().main
        self.clock = hs.get_clock()
        self.notifier = hs.get_notifier()
@@ -155,7 +156,11 @@ class ReplicationStreamer:
            while self.pending_updates:
                self.pending_updates = False

-                with Measure(self.clock, "repl.stream.get_updates"):
+                with Measure(
+                    self.clock,
+                    name="repl.stream.get_updates",
+                    server_name=self.server_name,
+                ):
                    all_streams = self.streams

                    if self._replication_torture_level is not None:
@@ -112,6 +112,7 @@ class VersionsRestServlet(RestServlet):
                    "v1.9",
                    "v1.10",
                    "v1.11",
+                    "v1.12",
                ],
                # as per MSC1497:
                "unstable_features": {
@@ -189,7 +189,8 @@ class StateHandler:
    """

    def __init__(self, hs: "HomeServer"):
-        self.clock = hs.get_clock()
+        self.server_name = hs.hostname  # nb must be called this for @measure_func
+        self.clock = hs.get_clock()  # nb must be called this for @measure_func
        self.store = hs.get_datastores().main
        self._state_storage_controller = hs.get_storage_controllers().state
        self.hs = hs
@@ -631,6 +632,7 @@ class StateResolutionHandler:
    """

    def __init__(self, hs: "HomeServer"):
+        self.server_name = hs.hostname
        self.clock = hs.get_clock()

        self.resolve_linearizer = Linearizer(name="state_resolve_lock")
@@ -747,7 +749,9 @@ class StateResolutionHandler:
            # which will be used as a cache key for future resolutions, but
            # not get persisted.

-            with Measure(self.clock, "state.create_group_ids"):
+            with Measure(
+                self.clock, name="state.create_group_ids", server_name=self.server_name
+            ):
                cache = _make_state_cache_entry(new_state, state_groups_ids)

            self._state_cache[group_names] = cache
@@ -785,7 +789,9 @@ class StateResolutionHandler:
            a map from (type, state_key) to event_id.
        """
        try:
-            with Measure(self.clock, "state._resolve_events") as m:
+            with Measure(
+                self.clock, name="state._resolve_events", server_name=self.server_name
+            ) as m:
                room_version_obj = KNOWN_ROOM_VERSIONS[room_version]
                if room_version_obj.state_res == StateResolutionVersions.V1:
                    return await v1.resolve_events_with_store(
@@ -55,6 +55,7 @@ class SQLBaseStore(metaclass=ABCMeta):
        hs: "HomeServer",
    ):
        self.hs = hs
+        self.server_name = hs.hostname
        self._clock = hs.get_clock()
        self.database_engine = database.engine
        self.db_pool = database
@@ -337,6 +337,7 @@ class EventsPersistenceStorageController:
        assert stores.persist_events
        self.persist_events_store = stores.persist_events

+        self.server_name = hs.hostname
        self._clock = hs.get_clock()
        self._instance_name = hs.get_instance_name()
        self.is_mine_id = hs.is_mine_id
@@ -616,7 +617,11 @@ class EventsPersistenceStorageController:
            state_delta_for_room = None

            if not backfilled:
-                with Measure(self._clock, "_calculate_state_and_extrem"):
+                with Measure(
+                    self._clock,
+                    name="_calculate_state_and_extrem",
+                    server_name=self.server_name,
+                ):
                    # Work out the new "current state" for the room.
                    # We do this by working out what the new extremities are and then
                    # calculating the state from that.
@@ -627,7 +632,11 @@ class EventsPersistenceStorageController:
                        room_id, chunk
                    )

-            with Measure(self._clock, "calculate_chain_cover_index_for_events"):
+            with Measure(
+                self._clock,
+                name="calculate_chain_cover_index_for_events",
+                server_name=self.server_name,
+            ):
                # We now calculate chain ID/sequence numbers for any state events we're
                # persisting. We ignore out of band memberships as we're not in the room
                # and won't have their auth chain (we'll fix it up later if we join the
@@ -719,7 +728,11 @@ class EventsPersistenceStorageController:
                    break

        logger.debug("Calculating state delta for room %s", room_id)
-        with Measure(self._clock, "persist_events.get_new_state_after_events"):
+        with Measure(
+            self._clock,
+            name="persist_events.get_new_state_after_events",
+            server_name=self.server_name,
+        ):
            res = await self._get_new_state_after_events(
                room_id,
                ev_ctx_rm,
@@ -746,7 +759,11 @@ class EventsPersistenceStorageController:
            # removed keys entirely.
            delta = DeltaState([], delta_ids)
        elif current_state is not None:
-            with Measure(self._clock, "persist_events.calculate_state_delta"):
+            with Measure(
+                self._clock,
+                name="persist_events.calculate_state_delta",
+                server_name=self.server_name,
+            ):
                delta = await self._calculate_state_delta(room_id, current_state)

        if delta:
@@ -68,6 +68,7 @@ class StateStorageController:
    """

    def __init__(self, hs: "HomeServer", stores: "Databases"):
+        self.server_name = hs.hostname
        self._is_mine_id = hs.is_mine_id
        self._clock = hs.get_clock()
        self.stores = stores
@@ -812,7 +813,9 @@ class StateStorageController:
            state_group = object()

        assert state_group is not None
-        with Measure(self._clock, "get_joined_hosts"):
+        with Measure(
+            self._clock, name="get_joined_hosts", server_name=self.server_name
+        ):
            return await self._get_joined_hosts(
                room_id, state_group, state_entry=state_entry
            )
@@ -1246,7 +1246,9 @@ class EventsWorkerStore(SQLBaseStore):
                to event row. Note that it may well contain additional events that
                were not part of this request.
        """
-        with Measure(self._clock, "_fetch_event_list"):
+        with Measure(
+            self._clock, name="_fetch_event_list", server_name=self.server_name
+        ):
            try:
                events_to_fetch = {
                    event_id for events, _ in event_list for event_id in events
@@ -983,7 +983,11 @@ class RoomMemberWorkerStore(EventsWorkerStore, CacheInvalidationWorkerStore):
        `_get_user_ids_from_membership_event_ids` for any uncached events.
        """

-        with Measure(self._clock, "get_joined_user_ids_from_state"):
+        with Measure(
+            self._clock,
+            name="get_joined_user_ids_from_state",
+            server_name=self.server_name,
+        ):
            users_in_room = set()
            member_event_ids = [
                e_id for key, e_id in state.items() if key[0] == EventTypes.Member
@@ -990,11 +990,12 @@ class StateMapWrapper(Dict[StateKey, str]):
            raise Exception("State map was filtered and doesn't include: %s", key)
        return super().__getitem__(key)

+    @overload  # type: ignore[override]
+    def get(self, key: StateKey, default: None = None, /) -> Optional[str]: ...
    @overload
-    def get(self, key: Tuple[str, str]) -> Optional[str]: ...
-
+    def get(self, key: StateKey, default: str, /) -> str: ...
    @overload
-    def get(self, key: Tuple[str, str], default: Union[str, _T]) -> Union[str, _T]: ...
+    def get(self, key: StateKey, default: _T, /) -> Union[str, _T]: ...

    def get(
        self, key: StateKey, default: Union[str, _T, None] = None
@@ -34,9 +34,9 @@ AUTO_INCREMENT_PRIMARY_KEYPLACEHOLDER = "$%AUTO_INCREMENT_PRIMARY_KEY%$"


 class IsolationLevel(IntEnum):
-    READ_COMMITTED: int = 1
-    REPEATABLE_READ: int = 2
-    SERIALIZABLE: int = 3
+    READ_COMMITTED = 1
+    REPEATABLE_READ = 2
+    SERIALIZABLE = 3


 class IncorrectDatabaseSetup(RuntimeError):
@@ -97,7 +97,7 @@ _GETADDRINFO_RESULT = List[
        SocketKind,
        int,
        str,
-        Union[Tuple[str, int], Tuple[str, int, int, int]],
+        Union[Tuple[str, int], Tuple[str, int, int, int], Tuple[int, bytes]],
    ]
 ]

@@ -41,59 +41,100 @@ from synapse.logging.context import (
    LoggingContext,
    current_context,
 )
-from synapse.metrics import InFlightGauge
+from synapse.metrics import SERVER_NAME_LABEL, InFlightGauge
 from synapse.util import Clock

 logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)

-block_counter = Counter("synapse_util_metrics_block_count", "", ["block_name"])
+# Metrics to see the number of and how much time is spend in various blocks of code.
+#
+block_counter = Counter(
+    "synapse_util_metrics_block_count",
+    documentation="The number of times this block has been called.",
+    labelnames=["block_name", SERVER_NAME_LABEL],
+)
+"""The number of times this block has been called."""

-block_timer = Counter("synapse_util_metrics_block_time_seconds", "", ["block_name"])
+block_timer = Counter(
+    "synapse_util_metrics_block_time_seconds",
+    documentation="The cumulative time spent executing this block across all calls, in seconds.",
+    labelnames=["block_name", SERVER_NAME_LABEL],
+)
+"""The cumulative time spent executing this block across all calls, in seconds."""

 block_ru_utime = Counter(
-    "synapse_util_metrics_block_ru_utime_seconds", "", ["block_name"]
+    "synapse_util_metrics_block_ru_utime_seconds",
+    documentation="Resource usage: user CPU time in seconds used in this block",
+    labelnames=["block_name", SERVER_NAME_LABEL],
 )
+"""Resource usage: user CPU time in seconds used in this block"""

 block_ru_stime = Counter(
-    "synapse_util_metrics_block_ru_stime_seconds", "", ["block_name"]
+    "synapse_util_metrics_block_ru_stime_seconds",
+    documentation="Resource usage: system CPU time in seconds used in this block",
+    labelnames=["block_name", SERVER_NAME_LABEL],
 )
+"""Resource usage: system CPU time in seconds used in this block"""

 block_db_txn_count = Counter(
-    "synapse_util_metrics_block_db_txn_count", "", ["block_name"]
+    "synapse_util_metrics_block_db_txn_count",
+    documentation="Number of database transactions completed in this block",
+    labelnames=["block_name", SERVER_NAME_LABEL],
 )
+"""Number of database transactions completed in this block"""

 # seconds spent waiting for db txns, excluding scheduling time, in this block
 block_db_txn_duration = Counter(
-    "synapse_util_metrics_block_db_txn_duration_seconds", "", ["block_name"]
+    "synapse_util_metrics_block_db_txn_duration_seconds",
+    documentation="Seconds spent waiting for database txns, excluding scheduling time, in this block",
+    labelnames=["block_name", SERVER_NAME_LABEL],
 )
+"""Seconds spent waiting for database txns, excluding scheduling time, in this block"""

 # seconds spent waiting for a db connection, in this block
 block_db_sched_duration = Counter(
-    "synapse_util_metrics_block_db_sched_duration_seconds", "", ["block_name"]
+    "synapse_util_metrics_block_db_sched_duration_seconds",
+    documentation="Seconds spent waiting for a db connection, in this block",
+    labelnames=["block_name", SERVER_NAME_LABEL],
 )
+"""Seconds spent waiting for a db connection, in this block"""


 # This is dynamically created in InFlightGauge.__init__.
-class _InFlightMetric(Protocol):
+class _BlockInFlightMetric(Protocol):
+    """
+    Sub-metrics used for the `InFlightGauge` for blocks.
+    """
+
    real_time_max: float
+    """The longest observed duration of any single execution of this block, in seconds."""
    real_time_sum: float
+    """The cumulative time spent executing this block across all calls, in seconds."""


-# Tracks the number of blocks currently active
-in_flight: InFlightGauge[_InFlightMetric] = InFlightGauge(
+in_flight: InFlightGauge[_BlockInFlightMetric] = InFlightGauge(
    "synapse_util_metrics_block_in_flight",
-    "",
-    labels=["block_name"],
+    desc="Tracks the number of blocks currently active",
+    labels=["block_name", SERVER_NAME_LABEL],
+    # Matches the fields in the `_BlockInFlightMetric`
    sub_metrics=["real_time_max", "real_time_sum"],
 )
-
+"""Tracks the number of blocks currently active"""

 P = ParamSpec("P")
 R = TypeVar("R")


-class HasClock(Protocol):
+class HasClockAndServerName(Protocol):
    clock: Clock
+    """
+    Used to measure functions
+    """
+    server_name: str
+    """
+    The homeserver name that this Measure is associated with (used to label the metric)
+    (`hs.hostname`).
+    """


 def measure_func(
@@ -101,8 +142,9 @@ def measure_func(
 ) -> Callable[[Callable[P, Awaitable[R]]], Callable[P, Awaitable[R]]]:
    """Decorate an async method with a `Measure` context manager.

-    The Measure is created using `self.clock`; it should only be used to decorate
-    methods in classes defining an instance-level `clock` attribute.
+    The Measure is created using `self.clock` and `self.server_name; it should only be
+    used to decorate methods in classes defining an instance-level `clock` and
+    `server_name` attributes.

    Usage:

@@ -116,16 +158,21 @@ def measure_func(
        with Measure(...):
            ...

+    Args:
+        name: The name of the metric to report (the block name) (used to label the
+            metric). Defaults to the name of the decorated function.
    """

    def wrapper(
-        func: Callable[Concatenate[HasClock, P], Awaitable[R]],
+        func: Callable[Concatenate[HasClockAndServerName, P], Awaitable[R]],
    ) -> Callable[P, Awaitable[R]]:
        block_name = func.__name__ if name is None else name

        @wraps(func)
-        async def measured_func(self: HasClock, *args: P.args, **kwargs: P.kwargs) -> R:
-            with Measure(self.clock, block_name):
+        async def measured_func(
+            self: HasClockAndServerName, *args: P.args, **kwargs: P.kwargs
+        ) -> R:
+            with Measure(self.clock, name=block_name, server_name=self.server_name):
                r = await func(self, *args, **kwargs)
            return r

@@ -142,19 +189,24 @@ class Measure:
    __slots__ = [
        "clock",
        "name",
+        "server_name",
        "_logging_context",
        "start",
    ]

-    def __init__(self, clock: Clock, name: str) -> None:
+    def __init__(self, clock: Clock, *, name: str, server_name: str) -> None:
        """
        Args:
            clock: An object with a "time()" method, which returns the current
                time in seconds.
-            name: The name of the metric to report.
+            name: The name of the metric to report (the block name) (used to label the
+                metric).
+            server_name: The homeserver name that this Measure is associated with (used to
+                label the metric) (`hs.hostname`).
        """
        self.clock = clock
        self.name = name
+        self.server_name = server_name
        curr_context = current_context()
        if not curr_context:
            logger.warning(
@@ -174,7 +226,7 @@ class Measure:

        self.start = self.clock.time()
        self._logging_context.__enter__()
-        in_flight.register((self.name,), self._update_in_flight)
+        in_flight.register((self.name, self.server_name), self._update_in_flight)

        logger.debug("Entering block %s", self.name)

@@ -194,19 +246,20 @@ class Measure:
        duration = self.clock.time() - self.start
        usage = self.get_resource_usage()

-        in_flight.unregister((self.name,), self._update_in_flight)
+        in_flight.unregister((self.name, self.server_name), self._update_in_flight)
        self._logging_context.__exit__(exc_type, exc_val, exc_tb)

        try:
-            block_counter.labels(self.name).inc()
-            block_timer.labels(self.name).inc(duration)
-            block_ru_utime.labels(self.name).inc(usage.ru_utime)
-            block_ru_stime.labels(self.name).inc(usage.ru_stime)
-            block_db_txn_count.labels(self.name).inc(usage.db_txn_count)
-            block_db_txn_duration.labels(self.name).inc(usage.db_txn_duration_sec)
-            block_db_sched_duration.labels(self.name).inc(usage.db_sched_duration_sec)
-        except ValueError:
-            logger.warning("Failed to save metrics! Usage: %s", usage)
+            labels = {"block_name": self.name, SERVER_NAME_LABEL: self.server_name}
+            block_counter.labels(**labels).inc()
+            block_timer.labels(**labels).inc(duration)
+            block_ru_utime.labels(**labels).inc(usage.ru_utime)
+            block_ru_stime.labels(**labels).inc(usage.ru_stime)
+            block_db_txn_count.labels(**labels).inc(usage.db_txn_count)
+            block_db_txn_duration.labels(**labels).inc(usage.db_txn_duration_sec)
+            block_db_sched_duration.labels(**labels).inc(usage.db_sched_duration_sec)
+        except ValueError as exc:
+            logger.warning("Failed to save metrics! Usage: %s Error: %s", usage, exc)

    def get_resource_usage(self) -> ContextResourceUsage:
        """Get the resources used within this Measure block
@@ -215,7 +268,7 @@ class Measure:
        """
        return self._logging_context.get_resource_usage()

-    def _update_in_flight(self, metrics: _InFlightMetric) -> None:
+    def _update_in_flight(self, metrics: _BlockInFlightMetric) -> None:
        """Gets called when processing in flight metrics"""
        assert self.start is not None
        duration = self.clock.time() - self.start
@@ -20,6 +20,7 @@

 import functools
 import sys
+from types import GeneratorType
 from typing import Any, Callable, Generator, List, TypeVar, cast

 from typing_extensions import ParamSpec
@@ -151,6 +152,12 @@ def _check_yield_points(
    ) -> Generator["Deferred[object]", object, T]:
        gen = f(*args, **kwargs)

+        # We only patch if we have a native generator function, as we rely on
+        # `gen.gi_frame`.
+        if not isinstance(gen, GeneratorType):
+            ret = yield from gen
+            return ret
+
        last_yield_line_no = gen.gi_frame.f_lineno
        result: Any = None
        while True:
@@ -672,7 +672,7 @@ class FederationSenderDevicesTestCases(HomeserverTestCase):
            self.assertEqual(edu["edu_type"], EduTypes.DEVICE_LIST_UPDATE)
            c = edu["content"]
            if stream_id is not None:
-                self.assertEqual(c["prev_id"], [stream_id])  # type: ignore[unreachable]
+                self.assertEqual(c["prev_id"], [stream_id])
                self.assertGreaterEqual(c["stream_id"], stream_id)
            stream_id = c["stream_id"]
        devices = {edu["content"]["device_id"] for edu in self.edus}
@@ -204,46 +204,19 @@ class EventCreationTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
        self.assertEqual(len(events), 2)
        self.assertEqual(events[0].event_id, events[1].event_id)

-    def test_when_empty_prev_events_allowed_create_event_with_empty_prev_events(
+    def test_reject_event_with_empty_prev_events(
        self,
    ) -> None:
-        """When we set allow_no_prev_events=True, should be able to create a
-        event without any prev_events (only auth_events).
        """
-        # Create a member event we can use as an auth_event
-        memberEvent, _ = self._create_and_persist_member_event()
-
-        # Try to create the event with empty prev_events bit with some auth_events
-        event, _ = self.get_success(
-            self.handler.create_event(
-                self.requester,
-                {
-                    "type": EventTypes.Message,
-                    "room_id": self.room_id,
-                    "sender": self.requester.user.to_string(),
-                    "content": {"msgtype": "m.text", "body": random_string(5)},
-                },
-                # Empty prev_events is the key thing we're testing here
-                prev_event_ids=[],
-                # But with some auth_events
-                auth_event_ids=[memberEvent.event_id],
-                # Allow no prev_events!
-                allow_no_prev_events=True,
-            )
-        )
-        self.assertIsNotNone(event)
-
-    def test_when_empty_prev_events_not_allowed_reject_event_with_empty_prev_events(
-        self,
-    ) -> None:
-        """When we set allow_no_prev_events=False, shouldn't be able to create a
-        event without any prev_events even if it has auth_events. Expect an
-        exception to be raised.
+        Shouldn't be able to create an event without any `prev_events` even if it has
+        `auth_events`. Expect an exception to be raised.
        """
        # Create a member event we can use as an auth_event
        memberEvent, _ = self._create_and_persist_member_event()

        # Try to create the event with empty prev_events but with some auth_events
+        #
+        # We expect the test to fail because empty prev_events are not allowed
        self.get_failure(
            self.handler.create_event(
                self.requester,
@@ -257,35 +230,6 @@ class EventCreationTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
                prev_event_ids=[],
                # But with some auth_events
                auth_event_ids=[memberEvent.event_id],
-                # We expect the test to fail because empty prev_events are not
-                # allowed here!
-                allow_no_prev_events=False,
-            ),
-            AssertionError,
-        )
-
-    def test_when_empty_prev_events_allowed_reject_event_with_empty_prev_events_and_auth_events(
-        self,
-    ) -> None:
-        """When we set allow_no_prev_events=True, should be able to create a
-        event without any prev_events or auth_events. Expect an exception to be
-        raised.
-        """
-        # Try to create the event with empty prev_events and empty auth_events
-        self.get_failure(
-            self.handler.create_event(
-                self.requester,
-                {
-                    "type": EventTypes.Message,
-                    "room_id": self.room_id,
-                    "sender": self.requester.user.to_string(),
-                    "content": {"msgtype": "m.text", "body": random_string(5)},
-                },
-                prev_event_ids=[],
-                # The event should be rejected when there are no auth_events
-                auth_event_ids=[],
-                # Allow no prev_events!
-                allow_no_prev_events=True,
            ),
            AssertionError,
        )
@@ -86,6 +86,7 @@ class TypingNotificationsTestCase(unittest.HomeserverTestCase):
        self.mock_federation_client = AsyncMock(spec=["put_json"])
        self.mock_federation_client.put_json.return_value = (200, "OK")
        self.mock_federation_client.agent = MatrixFederationAgent(
+            "OUR_STUB_HOMESERVER_NAME",
            reactor,
            tls_client_options_factory=None,
            user_agent=b"SynapseInTrialTest/0.0.0",
@@ -91,6 +91,7 @@ class MatrixFederationAgentTests(unittest.TestCase):
            "test_cache", timer=self.reactor.seconds
        )
        self.well_known_resolver = WellKnownResolver(
+            "OUR_STUB_HOMESERVER_NAME",
            self.reactor,
            Agent(self.reactor, contextFactory=self.tls_factory),
            b"test-agent",
@@ -269,6 +270,7 @@ class MatrixFederationAgentTests(unittest.TestCase):
        because it is created too early during setUp
        """
        return MatrixFederationAgent(
+            "OUR_STUB_HOMESERVER_NAME",
            reactor=cast(ISynapseReactor, self.reactor),
            tls_client_options_factory=self.tls_factory,
            user_agent=b"test-agent",  # Note that this is unused since _well_known_resolver is provided.
@@ -1011,6 +1013,7 @@ class MatrixFederationAgentTests(unittest.TestCase):
        # Build a new agent and WellKnownResolver with a different tls factory
        tls_factory = FederationPolicyForHTTPS(config)
        agent = MatrixFederationAgent(
+            "OUR_STUB_HOMESERVER_NAME",
            reactor=self.reactor,
            tls_client_options_factory=tls_factory,
            user_agent=b"test-agent",  # This is unused since _well_known_resolver is passed below.
@@ -1018,6 +1021,7 @@ class MatrixFederationAgentTests(unittest.TestCase):
            ip_blocklist=IPSet(),
            _srv_resolver=self.mock_resolver,
            _well_known_resolver=WellKnownResolver(
+                "OUR_STUB_HOMESERVER_NAME",
                cast(ISynapseReactor, self.reactor),
                Agent(self.reactor, contextFactory=tls_factory),
                b"test-agent",
@@ -68,6 +68,7 @@ class FederationSenderTestCase(BaseMultiWorkerStreamTestCase):

        reactor, _ = get_clock()
        self.matrix_federation_agent = MatrixFederationAgent(
+            "OUR_STUB_HOMESERVER_NAME",
            reactor,
            tls_client_options_factory=None,
            user_agent=b"SynapseInTrialTest/0.0.0",
Author	SHA1	Message	Date
Andrew Morgan	41e22d1e95	newsfile	2025-07-16 10:42:08 +01:00
Andrew Morgan	4f9c523cb5	Set minimum python version to 3.9.12 This matches Twisted's minimum required version. See twisted/twisted@27674f6	2025-07-16 10:41:58 +01:00
Eric Eastwood	fc10a5ee29	Refactor `Measure` block metrics to be homeserver-scoped (v2) (#18601 ) Refactor `Measure` block metrics to be homeserver-scoped (add `server_name` label to block metrics). Part of https://github.com/element-hq/synapse/issues/18592 ### Testing strategy #### See behavior of previous `metrics` listener 1. Add the `metrics` listener in your `homeserver.yaml` ```yaml listeners: - port: 9323 type: metrics bind_addresses: ['127.0.0.1'] ``` 1. Start the homeserver: `poetry run synapse_homeserver --config-path homeserver.yaml` 1. Fetch `http://localhost:9323/metrics` 1. Observe response includes the block metrics (`synapse_util_metrics_block_count`, `synapse_util_metrics_block_in_flight`, etc) #### See behavior of the `http` `metrics` resource 1. Add the `metrics` resource to a new or existing `http` listeners in your `homeserver.yaml` ```yaml listeners: - port: 9322 type: http bind_addresses: ['127.0.0.1'] resources: - names: [metrics] compress: false ``` 1. Start the homeserver: `poetry run synapse_homeserver --config-path homeserver.yaml` 1. Fetch `http://localhost:9322/_synapse/metrics` (it's just a `GET` request so you can even do in the browser) 1. Observe response includes the block metrics (`synapse_util_metrics_block_count`, `synapse_util_metrics_block_in_flight`, etc)	2025-07-15 15:55:23 -05:00
Eric Eastwood	d72c278a07	Remove `allow_no_prev_events` option (MSC2716 cleanup) (#18676 ) This option is no longer used since we backed out the MSC2716 changes in https://github.com/matrix-org/synapse/pull/15748 and is even mentioned as a follow-up task in the PR description there. The `allow_no_prev_events` option was first introduced in https://github.com/matrix-org/synapse/pull/11243 to support MSC2716 back in the day.	2025-07-15 15:53:56 -05:00
Johannes Marbach	b274d6561c	Document that some config options for the user directory are in violation of the Matrix spec (#18548 ) Fix #17534 Signed-off-by: Johannes Marbach <n0-0ne+github@mailbox.org>	2025-07-15 13:25:25 -05:00
Andrew Morgan	49cb78376e	Advertise support for Matrix v1.12 (#18647 )	2025-07-15 15:07:20 +01:00
Eric Eastwood	88f38ea149	Correct version that `recaptcha_{private,public}_key_path` config options were introduced (#18684 ) Introduced in https://github.com/element-hq/synapse/pull/17984 I already see a [`v1.134.0rc1`](https://github.com/element-hq/synapse/releases/tag/v1.134.0rc1) tag from 5 days ago so I assume https://github.com/element-hq/synapse/pull/17984 will actually ship in the next release (which will be `v1.135.0`)	2025-07-15 09:05:45 -05:00
Andrew Morgan	5f027adb33	Update URL Preview code to work with `lxml` 6.0.0 (#18622 )	2025-07-15 15:04:29 +01:00
Erik Johnston	e6dbbbb315	Merge remote-tracking branch 'origin/master' into develop	2025-07-15 14:55:25 +01:00
dependabot[bot]	78ce4dc26f	Bump mypy from 1.13.0 to 1.16.1 (#18653 )	2025-07-15 14:42:54 +01:00
Erik Johnston	60be549c0c	1.134.0	2025-07-15 14:22:54 +01:00
reivilibre	97d2738eef	Fix CPU and database spinning when retrying sending events to servers whilst at the same time purging those events. (#18499 ) Fixes: #18491 Fix hotlooping due to skipped PDUs if there is still no progress to be made. This could bite if the event was purged since being skipped during catch-up. Signed-off-by: Olivier 'reivilibre <oliverw@matrix.org>	2025-07-15 12:01:41 +01:00
dependabot[bot]	945e22303c	Bump phonenumbers from 9.0.8 to 9.0.9 (#18681 )	2025-07-15 11:47:59 +01:00
				`@@ -0,0 +1 @@`
				`Fix CPU and database spinning when retrying sending events to servers whilst at the same time purging those events.`
				`@@ -0,0 +1 @@`
				`Document that some config options for the user directory are in violation of the Matrix spec.`
				`@@ -0,0 +1 @@`
				Refactor `Measure` block metrics to be homeserver-scoped.
				`@@ -0,0 +1 @@`
				Update URL Preview code to work with `lxml` 6.0.0+.
				`@@ -0,0 +1 @@`
				`Fix typing errors with upgraded mypy version.`
				`@@ -0,0 +1 @@`
				Remove unused `allow_no_prev_events` option when creating an event.
				`@@ -0,0 +1 @@`
				Add `recaptcha_private_key_path` and `recaptcha_public_key_path` config option.